Overdose Prevention Resources

Overview

Fatal and non-fatal overdoses are preventable. Harm reduction strategies to prevent overdoses vary a bit by the specific type of drug, but generally include using less, testing your drugs, using a less risky method of administration, and not using alone. For opioids, naloxone can be used to reverse the effects of an overdose.

The video below describes how to identify and respond to an opioid overdose using naloxone. Additional information regarding opioids and overdose prevention can be found further down on this page. 

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Risk Factors for an Overdose

Changes in Tolerance:

  • Tolerance is how your body adapts to regular use of a drug over time.
  • If someone has not used the drug for a long period of time their tolerance will decrease, meaning that the next time they use the drug they will be highly impacted and at an increased risk of overdose.
  • Individuals who have abstained from drug use for any reason—possibly due to isolation and inconsistent access to drugs, being incarcerated, detox, or rehab that require abstaining from drug use—are at increased risk of an overdose. 

Mixing Drugs:

  • Research shows that most drug overdoses involve poly-drug use, the use of multiple drugs.
  • Central nervous system (CNS) depressants such as alcohol, benzodiazepines, and opioids can increase someone’s risk of experiencing an overdose when mixed. 

Drug Quality:

  • The strength and purity of drugs purchased off the street and online are unknown.
  • Unpredictable changes in drug quality, purity and strength may occur.

Previous Non-Fatal Overdose:

  • Research shows that once someone has experienced a non-fatal overdose, they are at higher risk to experience another overdose in the future.

Using Alone:

  • While using a substance alone is a not a risk factor for an overdose itself, it puts the person at a higher risk for a fatal overdose because there is no one there to respond if they lose consciousness, to call 911, to administer naloxone, or to help in any way. 

How to Reduce Risk

  • Be careful if you take a break or miss doses, use less, go slow
  • Go slow/do a slow shot, make an overdose plan, have a phone on hand to call 911
  • Assess for risk, carry naloxone
  • Use with someone else, take turns; it's important to have someone to help
  • If using alone, resources like Never Use Alone (877-696-1996) are available
  • For those who are ready, medication assisted treatment (MAT) with methadone or buprenorphine

Use of any opioids can put someone at risk!

What is Naloxone?

What is Naloxone? infographic, description available in link  
View an accessible version of the above graphic(PDF, 109KB)

Naloxone is a medication that reverses opioid overdoses by blocking opioid receptors, which prevents opioids from binding to them. It will have no impact if an overdose is not opioid related.

Naloxone is available in the form of a nasal spray, as well as an intramuscular injectable form. DDPHE distributes the intranasal spray naloxone under the brand name Narcan.

There are no negative side effects of using naloxone and no potential for misuse or dependence. However, naloxone may put a person dependent on opioids into withdrawal, which can be a very painful and uncomfortable experience.

Where to get Naloxone

As of March 2023, naloxone is available without a prescription from participating pharmacies and is often covered by medical insurance plans. Fentanyl test strips are available at some pharmacies at cost. Explore an interactive map of locations where you can find naloxone:

Stop the Clock Colorado

There is no cost, co-pay or prior authorization for Health First Colorado Recipients. Let the pharmacist know you are a Health First Colorado member.

Denver Resources

City & County of Denver residents have access to three syringe access/harm reduction providers within the city that provide a wide array of services that promote the health and wellness of people who use drugs, including naloxone.

If you are a person who uses drugs needing access to the services these program provide, please contact or visit the programs below:

Additional naloxone distribution locations include:

National Resources

Resources for people who use substances

Syringe and Medication Disposal

Denver Public Health & Environment (DDPHE) recently completed the installation of four sharps disposal kiosks to address the issue of discarded syringes in public spaces.

Find a kiosk & learn more

Syringe Access Programs

Syringe access programs (SAPs) are evidence-based interventions shown to reduce the transmission of HIV and hepatitis C (HCV) and do not increase drug use or crime. They meet people where they are to provide an array of services in a safe, anonymous setting. SAPs provide access to healthcare and treat people with dignity and respect, no matter where they are at.

View the 2023 Denver Syringe Access Program Needs Assessment

SAPs have many benefits including:

  • creating opportunities to engage people who use substances and linking them to services,
  • they are shown to be safe, effective, and cost-saving, 
  • they are associated with a 50 percent reduction in HIV and HCV incidence, and
  • they provide a source of community connection through advisory groups, education classes, activities, community cleanups, and more.

Participants of SAPs are:

  • more likely to safely dispose of needles,
  • more likely to reduce or stop injecting, and
  • five times more likely to access treatment for substance use.

Recent increases in fatal and non-fatal overdoses, and changing drug supply, have identified an additional need to promote the use of these programs to provide overdose education and naloxone to individuals who use substances but do not inject.

Programs provide a variety of services including:

  • Access to sterile syringes and syringe disposal.
  • Injection supplies such as cottons, cookers, waters, tourniquets, sharp containers and more.
  • Overdose prevention education, including access to naloxone.
  • Referrals to substance use treatment and resources for people who want to reduce or eliminate drug use in their life.
  • Linkage to care and referrals to HIV and hepatitis C care.
  • Harm reduction counseling and substance use education.
  • Fentanyl Testing Strips.
  • Wound care education.
  • Other harm reduction supplies to reduce the impacts of drug use. 
  • Safer smoking and snorting supplies such as sterile pipes and multicolored straws to avoid sharing.

Currently, there are three syringe access programs in Denver.

  • Access Point: A program of Colorado Health Network and provides services 4 days a week at 936 E 18th St. and provides mobile syringe access services throughout Denver | Walk-in Service Hours: Monday- Thursday 1-6 p.m. | 720-994-2403
  • The Harm Reduction Action Center: Operates 5 days a week at 112 E. 8th Ave. and provides mobile syringe access services via street outreach 3 days a week. | Walk-in Service Hours: Monday- Friday 9 a.m.- 12 p.m. | 303-572-7800
  • Lifepoint: A program of Vivent Health that provides mobile syringe access services throughout Denver four days a week (and at least one Saturday a month) | 720-385-6898

For People Who Use Alone

Because many individuals use substances when alone, there are resources available to ensure someone can respond to a potential overdose. Visit: neverusealone.com to receive anonymous support from a volunteer when you use your substances.

Wellness Winnie

What is Wellness Winnie?

  • Wellness Winnie is a “fun size” RV, with scheduled travel route through Denver for the purpose of providing integrated behavioral health and support services.
  • Wellness Winnie exists to empower all people in Denver to live their healthiest life and to increase equitable access to resources, helping the community to thrive.
  • Wellness Winnie is staffed with mental health counselors and peer navigators. Through shared experiences, peer navigators are skilled to support recovery and mental well-being.

What does Wellness Winnie currently provide?

  • Peer support and navigation
  • Informal classes and presentations
  • Sharps disposal
  • Behavioral health screening and assessment
  • Active referral to services such as: medical, legal, and social services
  • Distribution of items such as: socks, gloves, toiletries, etc.
  • Rehydration and cooling from the heat
  • Warming from the cold
  • Narcan distribution and overdose education

For more information about Wellness Winnie or to locate a stop near you, please visit our Wellness Winnie webpage.

Drug Checking Resources

Other harm reduction strategies include testing your substances for the presence of fentanyl or xylazine prior to use. Remember, no test is 100% accurate and user error can happen. Always try to follow the classic harm reduction tips: go slow, never use alone, and carry naloxone

Because drugs purchased on the street can contain unknown substances, it is important to test drugs before using them.

DanceSafe is an organization that promotes health and safety within the electronic music community. They provide a number of resources. They also offer fentanyl test strips for purchase.

UNC Street Drug Analysis Lab anonymously tests substances. Testing result data is available on their website.

Find Treatment and Crisis Services